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An investigation of bilingual language retention in Nigerian diaspora communities

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Background of the Study
Bilingual language retention refers to the sustained ability to use two languages effectively over time. Nigerian diaspora communities often experience challenges in maintaining indigenous language proficiency due to the dominant influence of the host country’s language (Uche, 2023). Factors such as community support, intergenerational transmission, and media exposure play a significant role in language retention. Diaspora communities implement various initiatives, including language schools, cultural events, and media programs, to preserve native languages. However, the pressure to assimilate can lead to gradual language attrition. This study investigates the factors that influence bilingual language retention among Nigerian migrants, examining how socio-cultural and educational interventions contribute to sustaining language proficiency and cultural identity (Eze, 2024; Olukoya, 2025).

Statement of the Problem
Nigerian diaspora communities face a gradual decline in indigenous language proficiency as the dominant language of the host country takes precedence. This shift results in reduced intergenerational transmission and cultural erosion (Uche, 2023). Despite community efforts, the effectiveness of language retention strategies remains inconsistent. The lack of systematic research on bilingual retention hinders the development of robust interventions, leaving many migrants with diminished native language skills. This study aims to identify the key determinants of bilingual language retention and propose measures to strengthen language maintenance in diaspora communities (Eze, 2024).

Objectives of the Study:

  • To identify factors affecting bilingual language retention.

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of current language maintenance initiatives.

  • To recommend strategies for improved language retention.

Research Questions:

  • What factors influence bilingual language retention in diaspora communities?

  • How effective are existing language maintenance programs?

  • What interventions can enhance native language retention?

Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it addresses the challenges of bilingual language retention in Nigerian diaspora communities. Its findings will inform policymakers and community leaders on developing effective interventions to preserve indigenous language proficiency alongside global languages (Uche, 2023; Olukoya, 2025).

Scope and Limitations of the Study:
The study is limited to Nigerian diaspora communities and does not compare retention across different ethnic groups.

Definitions of Terms:

  • Language Retention: The sustained use and proficiency of a language over time.

  • Diaspora Communities: Nigerian communities residing outside Nigeria.

  • Language Attrition: The gradual loss of language proficiency.


 





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